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Clinical Research on Dyspnea
Author Bios
What is Dyspnea?
What Provokes Dyspnea?
The Nature of Dyspnea
Currently selected section: Language of Dyspnea
Clinical Application
Research Application
Variability in Sensations
Currently selected section: Challenges in Study
Mechanical Loads and Sense of Effort
Chemoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Neuro-Mechanical Dissociation
Phase of Respiration and Dyspnea
Physiology of Dyspnea
Respiratory System
Cardiovascular System
Measuring Dyspnea
Scaling Issues
Qualitative Aspects
Reliability and Validity Overview
Reliability and Validity
Sensitivity and Specificity
Scales
Sensation vs. Perception vs. Symptom
Treating Dyspnea
Why Measure?
Cluster Analysis
Statistical vs. Clinical Significance
Standard Error of Measurement
Measuring Fatigue
Measuring Depression
Measuring Anxiety and Hyperventilation
Measuring Quality of Life
Conclusion

 

Chapter 23: Dyspnea: Challenges in the Study of Dyspnea Physiology
        

Although the receptors and neural pathways for many senses have been exhaustively characterized, when a man with emphysema walks up the stairs and says, "I am out of breath" neither the receptors involved in his sensation or the neural pathways involved in communicating signals from receptor to brain are known.

Question 8.1

Where in the cortex is the sensation of breathlessness represented?

Selection A Pons
Selection BLimbic system
Selection CMotor cortex
Selection D We don't know

Figure 8.1: Major Components of the Limbic System
Graphic depiction of Major components of the limbic system.

Figure 8.2 Statistical Map Showing Significant Regional Signal Increases Associated with Periods of Air Hunger in an Experiment in which Subjects Were Made Breathless with Acute Hypercapnia in the Setting of Restricted Tidal Volumes
Graphic depiction of statistical map of regional signal increases associated with periods of air hunger.
Reprinted with permission.

 

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