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Human Experimental Pain Models
Author Bios
Learning Objectives
Clinical Significance and Phenomenology
Complex Diseases: Need to Simplify
Model Requirements
Brief and Sustained Experimental Pain
Choice of the Pain Stimulus
A Model Design for Pain Experimentation
Experiential Adjustment
Choice of Stimulation Site
Stimulation Site for a Study of TMJD
Experimental Design
Model Validation: Level 1
Model Validation: Level 2
Model Validation: Level 3
Model Validation: An Example
Cross-Validation with Other Model Systems
Currently selected section: Model Systems as Tools
Sample Size Estimation
Potential Difficulties
Conclusion

 

Chapter 21: Human Experimental Pain Models: Model Systems as Tools
        

Model systems constitute convenient research tools to probe questions that are difficult to crack otherwise. They are particularly useful when disease complexity makes it difficult to define study populations because not all relevant factors can be controlled. In such situations, a model system can become useful in reducing complexity so that questions, as described below, can be studied in a simplified context.

Table 17.1: Type of Questions for Which Pain Model Systems Can be Useful
1. What is the temporal sequence of events with respect to the emergence of signs and symptoms?
2. What biological systems contribute to the development of signs and symptoms?
3. What experimental conditions regulate the activity of the involved biological systems?
4. What neural and/or molecular signals can be linked to the emergence of signs and symptoms?
5. What types of molecular and/or genetic make-ups influence the symptom phenotype?




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