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Human Experimental Pain Models
Author Bios
Learning Objectives
Clinical Significance and Phenomenology
Complex Diseases: Need to Simplify
Model Requirements
Brief and Sustained Experimental Pain
Choice of the Pain Stimulus
A Model Design for Pain Experimentation
Experiential Adjustment
Choice of Stimulation Site
Stimulation Site for a Study of TMJD
Experimental Design
Model Validation: Level 1
Model Validation: Level 2
Model Validation: Level 3
Currently selected section: Model Validation: An Example
Cross-Validation with Other Model Systems
Model Systems as Tools
Sample Size Estimation
Potential Difficulties
Conclusion

 

Chapter 21: Human Experimental Pain Models: Model Validation: An Example
        

Comparisons of model and clinical conditions, Level 3:

Table 15.1: Comparison of Model and Clinical Condition
Conditions Comparisons
LEVEL 1
"Persistent - bilateral" vs.
"Persistent - widespread"
Statistically significant difference in the sensory information content
Condition #2 > Condition #1
LEVEL 2
"No pain" vs. "Initial pain-unilateral"
Statistically significant difference in the sensory information content
Condition #2 > Condition #1
"Initial pain - unilateral" vs. "tonic pain - unilateral"
Statistically significant difference in the affective pain information content
Condition #2 > Condition #1
"Tonic pain - unilateral" vs. "Tonic pain - bilateral"
Statistically significant difference in the affective pain information content
Condition #2 > Condition #1
LEVEL 3
"Tonic pain - bilateral" vs.
"Persistent pain - bilateral"
No statistically significant difference with respect to the sensory and affective information content
Condition #2 = Condition #1


In summary, duration and extent of pain appear to influence the perceptual correlates of pain to a statistically significant degree. The major increase in the sensory information content of pain occurs from "no pain" to "initial pain." Affective scores show the most significant increase from "initial pain" to "tonic pain," particularly when pain is induced bilaterally. Significant increases in sensory scores are observed when contrasting persistent pain experiences localized to the face with those involving a broader body involvement (Stohler and Kowalski, 1999).

As mentioned above, using the multi-level assessment/validation scheme, the investigator obtains an understanding of the degree to which various model conditions approximate the clinical phenomenon.


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