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Level
3: Model Validation
This level involves the qualitative and quantitative appraisal
of the model system itself in order to determine the degree of
correspondence between the experimental model and the clinical
phenomenon under study. This is achieved by means directly comparing
the signs and symptoms obtained in Levels 1 and 2. It is important
to recognize that the measurement methodologies used in the Levels
1 and 2 have to be either identical or at least comparable.
Level 3 assessments
focus on the degree to which particular phenomena are expressed
in both the model system and clinical situations. This contrast
of clinical and model response determines the extent to which
the model system can be accepted as a useful research tool for
studies of the disease in question. Clinical signs and symptoms
are compared to the corresponding signs and symptoms that occur
in response to experimental pain. Mismatches indicate possible
limitations of the model to capture a particular clinical aspect
in question.
| Figure
14.1: Level 3 of the Model Validation Process
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A specific
example of this multi-level validation process, focusing on the
extent to which model conditions approximate the pain information
content of persistent pain sufferers, follows.
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